Strawberry farming
Strawberries are very popular all over the world in desserts such as ice cream, cakes and milkshakes. Fruits are very popular for their nutritional value, color, aroma, texture and, of course, taste.Artificial flavors are also used in cosmetics, hand sanitizers, candies, and more. The United States is the world's largest strawberry producer, followed by Turkey, Spain, Egypt, Mexico and Poland. In India, strawberries are grown in the districts of Satara, Kalimpong in West Bengal, Bangalore, Nainital and Dehradun. Among these, the Satara districts of Mahabaleshwar, Wai and Panchgani together account for 85% of India's strawberry cultivation.
strawberry plant
The scientific name of strawberry is Frag aria ananassa. It is a herbaceous plant with a fibrous root system. The flowers appear in small clusters and are generally white in color. They rarely appear reddish. Strawberries are not actually "berries". The pulp of the fruit is actually a holder (container) that holds the ovary together. The part that appears as the seed is actually the ovary that envelops the seed and appears on the outside of the fruit.
Best conditions for growing strawberries
Strawberry farm climate
Growing strawberries requires a temperate climate, although some varieties can be grown in subtropical climates. It is a short-day plant. Requires an 8- to 12-hour photoperiod (daylight) for about 10 days during flowering. They are dormant and do not grow in winter. Days are longer in spring than in winter. Therefore, the plant receives sunlight and begins flower development. However, for strains grown in subtropical regions with mild winters, plants will continue to grow. Strawberries are divided into two groups based on their response to photoperiod length.
Dominant strain - develops flower buds in both long and short light periods.
Commercial strains - flowers only during short periods of light.
Soil for growing strawberries
Strawberries have a fibrous root system. Therefore, most of the roots remain in the topsoil and penetrate to a depth of up to 15 cm. Therefore, humus-rich soil is required for cultivation. Care should be taken not to grow strawberries in soil that was used to grow tomatoes, potatoes, raspberries, peppers, or eggplants. They will draw nutrients from the soil.
pH value
Strawberries grow best in slightly acidic soil with a pH between 5.0 and 6.5. Lime also grows in soils with a pH between 4.5 and 5.5.
Strawberry farm season
Maximum vegetative growth of strawberries occurs in autumn. It goes dormant in winter. Winter ends and spring begins. Therefore, strawberries are usually planted in September-October. Such plants lack vigor and yield less when planted early.
Water needs and irrigation
Being a shallow-rooted strawberry, it requires frequent watering or is susceptible to drought. However, it doesn't require that much water. Water is needed only to moisten the roots and promote vegetative growth.
Fall planting promotes vegetative growth when runners are regularly watered after planting. Additionally, frequent watering of newly planted buds will definitely increase the number of suckers produced and This leads to early rooting. During the rice planting season, it does not rain and the fields are watered twice a week. Starting in November, I reduced the frequency to once a week. During the winter months of December and January, water every 15 days. The frequency increases again as the flowers develop into strawberry fruits. Frequent watering during the fruiting period increases fruit size.
At any point in strawberry cultivation, soil moisture should be maintained below 1.0 atm he. Excessive watering is harmful to plants. Rows and lanes are watered 2-3 days before planting. Care should be taken to release water at the roots during irrigation. Wetting the petals and berries increases the likelihood of a fungal infection. Proper irrigation is required during harvest time to obtain good quality fruit.
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